Economic Thought Can Be Divided Into Four Broad Categories1:
I. PRECLASSICAL ECONOMIC THOUGHT
Early Preclassical Economic Thought
Greek Thought
Hesiod
Xenophon
Aristotle
Arab-Islamic Thought
Abu Hamid al-Ghazali
Ibn Khaldun
Scholasticism
The Feudal Foundation of Scholastic Thought
St. Thomas Aquinas
Precursors of Classical Economic Thought
Mercantilism
Thomas Mun
Gerard Malynes
Charles Davenant
Jean Baptiste Colbert
Sir William Petty
The Physiocratic School
Francois Quesnay
Anne Robert Jacques Turgot
Other Forerunners
Bernard Mandeville
Sir Dudley North
David Hume
Richard Cantillon
Spanish Economic Thought
II. CLASSICAL ECONOMIC THOUGHT & ITS CRITICS
Adam Smith (1723-1790)
The Theory of Moral Sentiments
An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834)
Population Theory
Theory of Market Gluts
David Ricardo (1772-1823)
Currency Question
Theory of Diminishing Returns and Rent
Theory of Exchange Value and Relative Prices
Distribution of Income
Ricardian Equivalence Theorem
Unemployment
Other Classical Economists
Jeremy Bentham
Jean-Baptiste Say
Nassau William Senior
John Stuart Mill
Socialist Thought
Henri Comte de Saint-Simon
Charles Fourier
Simonde de Sismondi
Robert Owen
Louis Blanc
Charles Kingsley
Karl Marx
German Historical School
Friedrich List
Wilhelm Roscher
Gustav Schmoller
Max Weber
III. NEOCLASSICAL ECONOMIC THOUGHT & ITS CRITICS
Forerunners of the Marginalist School
Antoine Augustin Cournot
Jules Dupuit
Johann Heinrich von Thünen
The Marginalist School
William Stanley Jevons
Carl Menger
Friedrich von Wieser
Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk
Francis Y. Edgeworth
John Bates Clark
The Neoclassical School
Alfred Marshall
Monetary Economics
John Gustav Knut Wicksell
Irving Fisher
Ralph George Hawtrey
Departures from Pure Competition
Piero Sraffa
Edward Hastings Chamberlin
Joan Robinson
Mathematical Economics
Léon Walras
Wassily Leontief
John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern
John R. Hicks
The Institutionalist School
Thorstein Bunde Veblen
Veblen Goods
Upward Sloping Demand Curves
Wesley Clair Mitchell
John Kenneth Galbraith
Welfare Economics
Vilfredo Pareto
Arthur Cecil Pigou
Ludwig von Mises
Oscar Lange
Kenneth Arrow
James M. Buchanan
Amartya Sen
John R. Commons
John A. Hobson
Austrian Economics
Ludwig von Mises
IV. MODERN ECONOMIC THOUGHT & ITS CRITICS
The Keynesian School
John Maynard Keynes
Alvin H. Hansen
Paul A. Samuelson
Paul A. Samuelson
The Post-Keynesians
The New Keynesians
Economic Growth and Development
Sir Roy F. Harrod
Evsey Domar
Robert M. Solow
Joseph Alois Schumpeter
Ragnar Nurkse
W. Arthur Lewis
The Chicago School & New Classicism
Milton Friedman
Robert E. Lucas, Jr.
Gary Becker
Empirical Analysis
Heterodox Economic Thought
Radicals
Modern Institutionalists
Quasi-Institutionalists
Joseph Schumpeter
Gunnar Myrdal
John Kenneth Galbraith
Neoinstitutionalists
Post-Keynesians
Public Choice Advocates
Austrian Economics
1These categorical divisions follow the convention established in a leading textbook in the field, History of Economic Thought, by Harry Landreth and David C. Colander.
1These categorical divisions follow the convention established in a leading textbook in the field, History of Economic Thought, by Harry Landreth and David C. Colander.
